BIOLOGY (BIO) BIO 1101-1102. Introduction to Life Science/ (4-4).F;S. A survey of living organisms and their relationship to each other and to their environment. Study of topics from morphology, physiology, embryology, and genetics with particular reference to humans, the environment and healthful living. Lecture three hours, laboratory two hours. (NUMERICAL DATA) (CORE: NATURAL SCIENCES) (ND Prerequisite: Passing the math placement test or successful completion of MAT 0010.) BIO 1110. Concepts of Biology/(4).F;S. Important concepts of modern biological science. Designed for Science majors. First course for biology majors. Prerequisite: one year of high school biology. Lecture three hours, laboratory three hours. UNLESS NOTED, BIO 1101-1102 OR BIO 1110 ARE PREREQUISITE FOR ALL COURSES NUMBERED 2000 AND ABOVE. BIO 2000. Introduction to Botany/(4).F;S. Survey of the major topics in plant biology including physiology, morphology, ecology, evolution, aspects of plant diversity and water relations in plants. Lecture three hours, laboratory three hours. BIO 2001. Introduction to Zoology/(4).F;S. Integrated and phylogenetic study of the animal kingdom. The basic biological problems facing animals will be considered in the context of morphology and evolutionary history. Lecture three hours, laboratory three hours. ALL BIOLOGY MAJORS MUST COMPLETE BIO 1110 OR BIO 1101-1102; BIO 2000 AND 2001 BEFORE TAKING ANY OTHER BIOLOGY COURSE FOR THE MAJOR. BIO 2500. Independent Study/(1-4).F;S. BIO 2800. Biotechnology and Society/(3).S.Alternate years. A look at how the recent advances in biotechnology affect society and individuals. Special emphasis is placed on the possibilities that biotechnology brings and the decisions it forces on society. Topics include reproductive technology, population problems, extending life, considerations of the ever-changing definition of death, genetic testing and screening, ecological problems, and others as new technological advances develop. Prerequisite: at least one course in biology, sociology, or ethics. (WRITING; SPEAKING) BIO 3301. Animal Physiology/(4).F;S. A study of the fundamental principles of animal physiology with an emphasis on function. Pre- or corequisite: One semester of organic chemistry. Lecture three hours, laboratory three hours. (WRITING; NUMERICAL DATA) (ND Prerequisite: Passing the math placement test or successful completion of MAT 0010.) BIO 3302. Ecology/(4).F;S. A study of the interaction of organisms with their environment. Principles discussed will include natural selection and adaptation, population growth and regulation, interspecific interactions, including competition, predation, parasite-host relationships and mutualism, the structure and function of communities and ecosystems, geographical ecology, and human impacts on the biosphere. STT 2810 recommended. Lecture three hours, laboratory three hours. (NUMERICAL DATA; COMPUTER) (ND Prerequisite: Passing the math placement test or successful completion of MAT 0010.) BIO 3304. Systematic Botany/(3).F. The general principles of the taxonomy of the vascular plants utilizing elements of the local flora as laboratory material in the consideration of identification, nomenclature, classification, and evolutionary mechanism. Prerequisite: BIO 2000. Lecture two hours, laboratory two hours. BIO 3306. Genetics/(3).F;S. This course will cover aspects of transmission genetics, cytogenetics, molecular genetics and the importance of genetics to an understanding of evolution and population dynamics. The genetics of viruses, prokaryotes, and eukaryotes will be studied. Prerequisites: BIO 2000 and 2001. Prerequisite or corequisite: CHE 2201 and 2203. Lecture three hours. (NUMERICAL DATA) (ND Prerequisite: Passing the math placement test or successful completion of MAT 0010.) BIO 3307. Genetics Laboratory/(1).S. Laboratory investigations of genetic systems in plants and animals. Prerequisite or corequisite: BIO 3306. Laboratory three hours. (WRITING; NUMERICAL DATA) (ND Prerequisite: Passing the math placement test or successful completion of MAT 0010.) BIO 3308. Bacteriology/(4).F;S. Introduction to microbiology with emphasis on bacteriology, virology and immunology. Surveys the field of microbiology and related techniques with special attention given to host-pathogen relationships and diagnostics. Laboratory exercises are correlated with lecture topics. Prerequisites: CHE 1101,1110 and 1102,1120. Lecture three hours, laboratory two hours. BIO 3309. Developmental Biology/(3).S. A study of the fundamental patterns and principles of animal growth and development at the molecular, cellular, and organismic levels. Lecture topics include gametogenesis, fertilization, cleavage and morphogenetic movements, embryogenesis, differentiation, regeneration, metamorphosis, cellular interactions and ontogenetic mechanisms of evolutionary change. Laboratory work stresses comparative developmental anatomy of selected invertebrates and chordates. Lecture two hours, laboratory two hours. BIO 3310. Marine Biology/(3).S.(Alternate Years). Introduction to the more common marine organisms, including morphology, physiology, taxonomy, ecology, and economic aspects. Lecture two hours, laboratory two hours. (WRITING) BIO 3312. Environmental Studies/(3).F;S. An in-depth study of environmental problems from a systems/ecological perspective, with emphasis on the scientific basis of the problems and possible solutions. Topics to be covered include population growth; mineral, water and wildlife resources; energy resources; waste and pollution. Lecture three hours. (WRITING; SPEAKING) BIO 3314. Comparative Vertebrate Zoology/(4).S. The origin, evolution, anatomy, physiology, taxonomy, and natural history of the vertebrates. Lecture three hours, laboratory three hours. BIO 3318. Outdoor Recreation: An Ecological and Behavioral Approach/(2).S. This course is designed to teach the recreation manager how to better understand the complex interactions between the recreation resource and the human user. Recreation is described and studied as need-fulfilling behavior which can be enhanced by an understanding of the biological entities (flora and fauna) and their ecological relationship. Prerequisite: none required. BIO 3436. Introduction to Evolutionary Biology/(3).F;S. An introduction to the study of evolution including a summary of the stratigraphic record, an historical summary of the earth and its major floral and faunal groups, a review of major contributions to evolutionary theory, and a summary of the factors thought to cause evolutionary change. Lecture three hours. (WRITING; SPEAKING; NUMERICAL DATA) (ND Prerequisite: Passing the math placement test or successful completion of MAT 0010.) BIO 3456. Invertebrate Zoology/(3).F. The taxonomy, phylogeny, morphology, and physiology of the invertebrates. Lecture two hours, laboratory three hours. BIO 3500. Independent Study/(1-4).F;S. BIO 3520. Instructional Assistance/(1).F;S. A supervised experience in the instructional process at the University level through direct participation in a classroom situation. Grading will be on a satisfactory/unsatisfactory basis only. Prerequisite: junior or senior standing. May be repeated for a total credit of three semester hours. Required of the biology students seeking the B.S. degree and teacher licensure in science education. BIO 3530-3549. Selected Topics/(1-4).On Demand. BIO 3800. Molecular Biology/(4).F;S. A study of the basic molecular processes and critical recombinant DNA technologies. This includes: structure and general features of the biological information molecules DNA, RNA and proteins; DNA replication and repair processes; RNA synthesis and processing; protein synthesis and regulations; and basic recombinant DNA technology. The laboratory will include: DNA isolation techniques; restriction analysis; construction of a recombinant DNA molecule and transformation of a bacterial system; DNA-DNA hybridization; in vitro translation and gel analysis of a protein; DNA amplification using PCR; and DNA sequencing and analysis. Lecture three hours, laboratory three hours. Prerequisite: one semester of organic chemistry. (WRITING; NUMERICAL DATA; COMPUTER) (ND Prerequisite: Passing the math placement test or successful completion of MAT 0010.) BIO 4100. Cell Biology/(4).S. This course provides a detailed description of the components, structures, and functions of the eukaryotic cell. The lecture material includes biomolecules, gene expression, organelle functioning, cellular communication, and interrelation of cell systems. The laboratory is designed to allow students to learn experimental cell biology procedures through the measurement of some of the central components and functions of the cell. Lecture three hours, laboratory three hours. BIO 4550. Nature Study/(3).SS. Study of common plants and animals with emphasis on ecology, collecting techniques and identification. Designed for students with limited biology backgrounds. Not open to biology majors for credit. [Dual-listed with BIO 5505.] BIO 4551. Ornithology/(3).S. The morphology, physiology, behavior, ecology and identification of birds. Early morning field trips are required. Extended field trips to a variety of habitats will be arranged. Lecture two hours, laboratory two hours. [Dual-listed with BIO 5551.] BIO 4552. Entomology/(3).F. A comparative study of the insects and related arthropods with an emphasis on morphology and systematics. Methods of collection and preservation are covered. Lecture two hours, laboratory two hours. [Dual-listed with BIO 5552.] BIO 4555. Plant Physiology/(4).F. A study of the basic principles of plant physiology and fundamental processes such as cell properties, water relations, growth, photosynthesis, respiration, and mineral nutrition. Prerequisites: CHE 1101,1110 and 1102,1120. CHE 2201 and 2203 are strongly recommended. Lecture three hours, laboratory three hours. (WRITING; NUMERICAL DATA; COMPUTER) [Dual-listed with BIO 5555.] (ND Prerequisite: Passing the math placement test or successful completion of MAT 0010.) BIO 4556. Mycology/(4).F. An investigation of the fungi with particular reference to the techniques of working with these organisms. Lecture three hours, laboratory three hours. [Dual-listed with BIO 5556.] BIO 4557. Ichthyology/(3).F. Ecology, distribution, taxonomy and economic importance of fishes. Freshwater fishes will be emphasized. Lecture two hours, laboratory two hours. [Dual-listed with BIO 5557.] BIO 4559. Mammalogy/(3).S. The natural history, distribution, adaptations, taxonomy and economic importance of mammals. Field trips and visits to zoos will be arranged. Lecture two hours, laboratory two hours. [Dual-listed with BIO 5559.] BIO 4560. Herpetology/(3).F. The morphology, taxonomy, physiology, and distribution of amphibians and reptiles. Methods of collecting and preserving specimens as well as behavioral aspects of species in their natural habitats will be covered. Field trips will be required. Lecture two hours, laboratory two hours. [Dual-listed with BIO 5560.] BIO 4563. Biology of Aging/(3).F. General study of biological/physiological changes over time in the structure and function of the systems of organisms with emphasis on the human body. Lecture three hours. [Dual-listed with BIO 5563.] BIO 4564. Electron Microscopy/(3).F. A study of principles and techniques of biological microscopy. Lectures include discussions on preparative techniques for light and electron microscopy, theoretical considerations of light and electron optics, and the structure and function of cellular organelles. Laboratories examine practical techniques of tissue preparation for microscopy, the effective use of light and electron microscopes, and the interpretation of data obtained in student micrographs. Lecture two hours, laboratory two hours. [Dual-listed with BIO 5564.] BIO 4568. Immunology/(4).S. A study of the immune system with emphasis on cellular interactions involved in the generation of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. Lecture includes discussions on inflammation, antibody diversity, tissue transplantation, and immunopathologies. Laboratories examine lymphoid tissue organization, lymphocyte function, and antibody-antigen reactions with emphasis on clinical application. Prerequisite or corequisite: BIO 3306. Lecture three hours, laboratory three hours. [Dual-listed with BIO 5568.] BIO 4570. Parasitology/(3).F. A survey of protozoan, helminthic and arthropod parasites with emphasis on causation and prevention of disease. Lecture two hours, laboratory two hours. [Dual-listed with BIO 5570.] BIO 4580. Field Biology of Continental U.S.A./(5).SS. Ecological investigations of major habitats in the U.S. Prerequisites: 16 hours in biology and consent of the instructor. [Dual-listed with BIO 5580.] BIO 4601. Animal Behavior-Ethology/(3).S. Basic principles of animal behavior are approached from an evolutionary perspective. Topics such as instinct, learning, biological clocks, sociobiology, communication and physiological mechanisms of behavior are stressed. Laboratory emphasizes techniques of observing, recording, and analyzing behavior using a research project format. Lecture two hours, laboratory two hours. (WRITING; SPEAKING; NUMERICAL DATA) [Dual-listed with BIO 5601.] (ND Prerequisite: Passing the math placement test or successful completion of MAT 0010.) BIO 4900. Internships in Biology/(1-6).F;S. Practical biological experiences in federal, state, and local agencies. Graded on an S/U basis. [Dual-listed with BIO 5900.]