| Target |
|
|
| Facial Symmetry | Have subject look straight at you | Are all facial features symmetrical? |
| Lips | Smile
Pucker Open Close tight Puff up cheeks, hold against resistance |
Look for symmetrical movements, extent of movements, ability to close lips completely, and hold against resistance |
| Tongue | Stick straight out
Left Right Left and Right quickly Elevation Retraction Protrusion & lateral movement against resistance (with tongue blade) |
Look for symmetry and range of motion. Look at size of tongue and for evidence of fasiculations. Assess ability to exert force against resistance. Assess coordination of fast movements |
| Oral Cavity | Open wide | Look at teeth, tongue, hard and soft palate. Look for evidence
of lesions, atrophy, or missing structures.
Also observe jaw excursion, listen for "clicks," watch for lateral shifts |
| Velum | Say "ah"
Elicit gag reflex by touching anterior faucial arches, posterior faucial arches, or base of tongue. Elicit gag on both sides |
Watch for extent and symmetry of velar elevation and pharyngeal constriction. |
| Voice | Maximum Phonation Time
s:z ratio Pitch glides |
Listen for vocal intensity, pitch, and quality. Note especially breathiness or gurgles |