1. What is the horopter? What is special about the retinal images of objects that are on the horopter? What is special about the horopter in terms of describing everyday depth perception?

2. Diagram two objects, one of which is in front of the horopter and another object that is beyond the horopter, and indicate where their retinal images will be located. Use this diagram to explain the concept of retinal disparity as a cue to depth.

3. There are various ways to create a depth illusion by manipulating either monocular cues or binocular cues. Be able to describe a case of each type and explain how it works.

4. Define and describe the difference between phi movement and beta movement. Explain the difference between the two in terms of their importance for Gestalt theory.

5. Be able to diagram and explain "corollary discharge theory."

6. What were 3 examples discussed in class to consider the issue of classification of movement of the retinal image as due to eye movement versus object movement? Explain how corollary discharge theory accounts for the 3 examples.

7. What is the autokinetic effect? Explain how corollary discharge theory accounts for that effect.

8. Label and explain 3 ways to make a dot appear to move without the dot actually moving.

9. Be able to describe and illustrate 3 of the laws controlling perceptual organization according to Gestalt theory. [See p. 300 of your textbook.]

10. Describe how the form of an object may be identified in movement by the processes of accretion and deletion.

11. What is Fourier spatial frequency analysis? Explain how it is supposed to account for form perception.

12. An alternative to Gestalt theory is to describe a difference among forms as being due to Fourier spatial frequency analysis. Imagine a group of 3 spatial frequency analyzers (low, medium, and high). Draw two stimuli which would be discriminated by the set of analyzers and explain why this occurs.

13. Look at the figure on p. 313 of your textbook. Can you identify the person? Explain why you can identify the person according to spatial frequency analysis and Gestalt theory?

14. Look at the image of the fingerprint at this site. Explain the approach to identifying fingerprints that would be used by Gestalt theory vs. spatial frequency analysis.