Psychology 3214

Learning

Calendar of Topics and Class Materials - Spring 2021

Classical Conditioning: Basics
Jan
20
W
Course Description & Requirements

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What is a reflex?

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The Issue of Continuity among Creatures

A cat feeling harassed?

A horse doing math?

A parrot that understands language?

Talk therapy for your pet?

Koko's strange request

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Descartes: Inventor of the term Reflex
(1596 - 1650)

Human vs. Nonhuman

Descartes Philosophy

A walk through the gardens

The mixed nature of humankind

Mind and body

Pineal gland in action

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Marshall Hall: Definition of Reflex
(1790 - 1857)

Brain vs. Spinal Cord

Voluntary vs. Involuntary Response Distinction

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Another approach: Predictable Relationship

Ivan Sechenov

Sechenov's Approach

Pavlov's Definition of Reflex - Predictable Relationship

B. F. Skinner (1931) Definition of Reflex - Correlation

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A Current Animal Cognition Controversy and more and Descartes

A Skeptical Analysis of the Nonhuman Acquisition of Language focusing on Koko

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Summary of Two Definitions of Reflex

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The Classical Conditioning Effect

Ivan Petrovich Pavlov
(1849 - 1936)

Pavlov in surgery

Pavlov is awarded Nobel Prize

Pavlov's Special Lab

Pavlov in Lab

Dog in apparatus

Kymograph Records

Textbook: 107-114

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Label Classical Conditioning Exercise

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Human Digestive System

The case of Alexis St. Martin -&- William Beaumont

RadioLab podcast on Beaumont and St. Martin

The Pavlov Institute of Physiology

Pictures of Pavlov's Dogs

[trivia] Pavlov's Steak

[humor] Pavlov's Brother


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Acquisition

Eyeblink Conditioning  


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Basic Procedures (Variation 1) 

Basic Procedures (Variation 2) 

Delay vs Trace (Variation 1) 

Delay vs Trace (Variation 2) 


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Label Acquisition Procedure Exercise

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Bad CC Diagram

Textbook: 119-123


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Extinction

Spontaneous Recovery Effect (Rescorla, 2004)

Rapid Reacquisition

Latent Inhibition

Renewal Effect

Textbook: 133-137

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Rat in Conditioning Chamber


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Inhibition

Table of Contents from Pavlov (1927)

Differential Conditioning

Latent Inhibition Efffect

Textbook: 158-160


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Watson & Rayner (1920)

Biographical Info On John B. Watson

John B. Watson
(1878 - 1958)

JBW's House

JBW at Furman

Watson and Rayner

What happened to Little Albert? Current views

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Mary Cover Jones

Jones (1924) - Elimination of Children's Fears

 

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Application assignment #1

Example Ads: Old Style vs. New Style

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Adventures with the Ludicrous: Sexy Women Sell Firearms

 

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Application assignment due
Feb
3 Wed

Question & Answer - Review [ Study Guide ]

  6 Sat Test 1 Submitted by 8 AM
     

Test 1 Results

Classical Conditioning: Modern Work & Explanations

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Pavlov's Cortical Explanation

Table of Contents from Pavlov (1927)

Lecture 17 & the Shenger-Krestovnikova Experiment

Textbook: 140-142

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J. Hughlings Jackson

Homunculus


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What makes a good CS?


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Pavlov

Analysis of the effect
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Robert Rescorla

Contiguity vs. Contingency

Rescorla experimental procedure 

Practice exercise with contingency analysis 
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Textbook: 56-57


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What makes a good UCS?

Pavlov's Answer - Biological Potency

the Blocking Effect & Kamin's Answer

Blocking Effect - Lecture Summary  

Blocking Effect Results - Summary

Textbook: 154-156

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Leo Kamin & Harvard in the 1950s  - Kamin's Account 


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Prediction of Conditioning Effects

Rescorla - Wagner Model

Rescorla - Wagner Model Acquisition Process (So you want to be a CS, Laddie?)

Rescorla - Wagner Model Summary

Textbook: 176-179


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Rescorla - Wagner Model Successes & Failures

Rescorla - Wagner Model - Extinction & Latent Inhibition Summary 




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Predicting the Response

Solomon's Opponent Process Model

Solomon, Kamin, & Wynne apparatus 

Hedonic changes with experience #1  #2  #3 

General Pattern of Response

Dynamics of Pattern - Early

Dynamics of Pattern - Many Encounters

Early vs. Late

Opponent Process Model Summary 

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Opponent responses in heroin use

Siegel & Ellsworth (1986)

Application assignment #2

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Karl Zener

Zener Cards

Shuttle Box Apparatus

Textbook: 101-107, 168-175


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Application assignment due

Textbook: 168-175

Mar
1
M

Other "opponent process" cases

Rebound headaches

Nasal Spray addiction

Tachyphylaxis

Rebound Effects

Is this a good way to deal with antidepressant "poop out"?

The story of someone who is Addicted to Coke  (of the Diet Coke variety)

Your analysis problem of the person who is addicted to Coke 

Mar
3
W

Question & Answer - Review [ Study Guide ]

Mar
5 F

Test 2 - Due Sunday, March 7 - 8 AM 




Test 2 Results

Operant Conditioning: "Law of Effect" Basics

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Thorndike introduces the Law of Effect

Charles Darwin - Voyage of the Beagle

Continuity Among Species - Darwin's Finches

Comparative Psychology - George Romanes argues by Anecdote

Edward Lee Thorndike tests the mental continuity argument

Example Puzzle Box

More Actual Puzzle Boxes 

Actual Learning Curve 

Thorndike's Law of Effect

Textbook: 211-213

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Relationship of Theory of Evolution to Law of Effect 

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A short, fun, and useful read...

Introduction to Animal Intelligence by E. L. Thorndike

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Examples of Quick Evolutionary Changes

Italian Wall Lizard

Brown Anole Lizard

Galapagos Finch


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Alternative explanations of the Puzzle Box results

J. B. Watson

Guthrie and Horton Puzzle Box

Cat B

Cat G

Edwin Guthrie's alternative

Brian Wansink - Mindless Eating

Textbook: 325-326

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Modern Version of Guthrie (with a smidgen of Skinner)

BJ Fogg "Tiny Habits"

Video Here

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Three approaches to a "Law of Effect"

Hull - Drive reduction  (Need--Drive Hypothesis)

S-R Diagram and Label Terms

Example Postulate

Textbook: 277-279


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A Problem for Hull - Harry Harlow

Harlow's General Procedures

Harlow's Results
Harlow (1958) Fig. 5

Harlow (1958) Fig. 6

Another Problem for Hull?

Meehl - Transituational Law of Effect - Meehl (1950)

Textbook:

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Skinner - Empirical Law of Effect
(1904 - 1990)

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Positive Reinforcement Tutorial

Negative Reinforcement University

Skinner (1953) - Empirical Law of Effect

Example circularity problem

Brief biography of Skinner by his daughter

Another biography of Skinner by Howard Rachlin

Skinner In His Own Words

Textbook: 213-232


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Empirical Law of Effect Exercises

Label the effect #1 

Label the effect #2 

Label the effect #3 

Label the effect #4 

Label the effect #5 

Label the effect #6 

Label the effect #7 

Label the effect #8 

Label the effect #9 

Label the effect #10 

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Summary of Empirical Law of Effect Analysis

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Nutraloaf: Food as a punisher?

Bart & Lisa use a contingency

Application assignment #3


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Application assignment due

Mar
29
M

Question & Answer - Review [ Study Guide ]

Mar 31
W

Test 3  (Due Sat, Apr 3, 8 AM)

     

Test 3 Results

Operant Conditioning: Modern Work & Theory
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Origin of New Responses

Skinner - Shaping by successive approximations

Girl with Violin

Skinner's Minnesota Lab

Pigeons Playing Ping Pong

Operant Conditioning Chamber

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Skinner Shaping a Response [Warning: 6 Mb file]

Training Rats as Bomb Detectors (The Video)

Pouched Rat at Work

Charles Mingus Trains a Cat to Use a Toilet

Panhandle Story

Skinner (1951) How to Teach Animals

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Reinforcement schedules

Operant Chamber

Operation of a Cumulative Recorder

Real Cumulative Recorder

Bank of Cumulative Recorders

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Development of Skinner's Operant Chamber

Skinner (1956) - Figure 5

Skinner (1956) - Figure 8

Skinner (1956) - Figure 12

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Textbook: 255-265

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Reinforcement schedules - Summary 

4 Schedule Performances

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Fish Hunter Games

Game Table Here

Game Demo Here

Another Game Demo Here

How to Play Here

Article on Fish Hunter Games Here

Article on Hooked Player Here

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Nir Eyal - What makes Technonology so Habit-Forming?

Video Here

Verbal Description Here

Summary of "Hooked" Here

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KMS at Harrah's

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Skinner (1960) Pigeons in a Pelican

Nose Cone Outside

Nose Cone Inside

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Reinforcer "Value" - I

Pigeon in Operant Chamber

Multiple Schedules - Behavioral Contrast

Textbook: 313-317

     

Reinforcer "Value" - II

Concurrent schedules

Matching effect vs. Matching Law

Richard Herrnstein (left) and James Q. Wilson

Herrnstein (1961) Results

Textbook: 374-379




Reinforcer "Value" - III

Temporal Discounting & Self-Control

Howard Rachlin

Temporal Discounting Function

Self-Control Problem

Self Control Problem 2

Textbook: 396-404


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Into the future...

Premack Approach to the Law of Effect

Premack's RunDrink Apparatus

Premack: Reward and Punishment vs Freedom

Premack Summary

Premack Reinforcement Principle 

Textbook: 279-281

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Premack's Analysis of Punishment

Both Premack Principles

Textbook: 357-358

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Timberlake & Allison - Response Deprivation Theory

Textbook: 281-283

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Response Deprivation Theory

Response Deprivation Example 


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Punishment

Timberlake Disequilibrium Model   


Application assignment #4

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Application assignment due

Discussion of Application Assignment




Classical vs. Operant - Identifying & Interactions

Breland & Breland (1961)

IQ Zoo

The Tic-Tac-Toe Chicken

BFS vs the Chicken

Handshaping vs. Autoshaping

Long Box Autoshaping

Negative Autoshaping

Why is the child crying?

Textbook: 462-466

Apr 26 M Questions & Answers - Review [ Study Guide ]
  28 W

Test 4  -- Due Sunday, May 2, 8 AM

     

Test 4 Results

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Discuss Final Exam