ECO 3620. Environmental Economics
Nonrenewable (Exhaustible) Resources
Intertemporal Allocation
- Static efficiency: MB = MC
- Dynamic efficiency: MB = MEC + MUC
- Marginal extraction cost (MEC)
- Marginal user cost (MUC, i.e., resource rent)
Discounting and Present Value
- FV = PV(1 + r)t
- PV = FV/(1 + r)t
Two-Period Model
- Marginal net benefits: MNBt = MBt - MECt;
t = 0, 1
- MUC = MNB1
- Intertemporal equilibrium: MNB0 = MUC/(1 + r)t
Price Path
- Competitive markets and the opportunity cost of investment
- Hotelling's rule: Pt = MECt + MUCt(1 +
r)t
- Backstop fuel
- Technological improvement
- Taxes, subsidies
- Monopoly (i.e., OPEC)
Futures Markets
- New York Mercantile
Exchange
- Changes in demand (e.g., population growth)
- Changes in supply (i.e.,
reserves, e.g., exploration and discovery)