Psychology 3203

Perception - Summer 2011

Dr. Kenneth M. Steele

Smith Wright 310F

Office Hours: 12:30 - 1:30 MTWR, and by appointment

phone: 262-2731

email: [email protected]

Textbook: J. M. Wolfe et al. (2009). Sensation & Perception (2nd ed.)

Online material: www.acs.appstate.edu/~kms/

Description of the course:

This is an introductory survey course on perception. Historically, the study of perception is one of the first areas to emerge in psychology, and is concerned with the question of how we know the world. Answers involve being able to bridge three topic areas: a description of the physical stimulus (what is light? What happens when light rays strike an object?), how our bodies react to that stimulus (what happens when light rays hit the back of our eyes?), and the relation of both of those to our perceptual experience (What a delicious looking apple!). So be prepared to do skipping back and forth as we will integrate physics, physiology, and phenomenology.

The course is broken into four sections. The first section is concerned with the psychophysical method. This sections covers the methods by which people establish the relationship between physical events and subjective experience. The psychophysical method is both a philosophy about how to think about the world and a set of techniques derived from that philosophy. Next we will move to vision, the most investigated system. We will begin with some basic physiology and then move into an analysis of brightness, color, and form. In the next section, we will examine the perception of space, motion, and form (again). In the final section, we will cover audition, the next most investigated system. In all cases we will be connecting 3 descriptive systems-- physics, physiology, and the perceptual experience.

One of the fun aspects of studying perception is that the effects are easy to see with just one subject, and that subject can be yourself. SO I do many mini-experiments/demonstrations in class. I put the demonstrations and figures on my website so that you can look at them at other times. Plan on visiting my website often. Go to http://www.acs.appstate.edu/~kms and click on the link to this class. The "Topics" link will take you to the in-class material.

The class schedule below is a brief version of the topics webpage. Go to the topics webpage to see all the details. You may want to print it out so that you can make notes about the flow of the course. For example, I may suggest focusing on a particular link or ignoring a link.

Tests, grades, and your busy schedule:

There will be four multiple-choice tests during the session. The percent correct for each test will be averaged across the four tests to compute your final grade. I will post a study guide and there will be a question and answer period preceding each test. Come prepared and use it to your advantage.

There is an optional multiple-choice final exam. Your final grade is based on the average of 4 exams. If you have taken 4 exams and are happy with your grade then you do not have to take the final exam. If you have taken 4 exams during the session, and the final exam, then your grade will be based on your 4 highest scores. If you miss an exam during the session then the final exam serves as the "make-up" exam. You can only make-up one exam.

The final letter grade will be assigned on a 10- point scale (100-90, A; 89-80, B; 79-70, C; 69-60, D; below 60, F). Pluses and minuses will be assigned for averages that are 2 points from a higher or 2 points from a lower grade (e.g., C+ for a 78 or 79, C- for a 70 or 71).

Finally, remember that your grade is a measure of your performance and not whether I like you, how smart you are, how busy you are, etc., etc. Save yourself time wasted in groveling for points.

Attendance, classroom behavior, and life:

I will call attendance for the first few classes so that I can connect names with faces. I don�t record daily attendance because I assume that you are adults, and will only miss class when absolutely necessary. If you skip class then you will likely do miserably or fail tests. This is no joke. I make up the tests based on what happened in class. I test in detail on what I think the class should know. If you skip class and fail tests then I will have no sympathy.

I will record attendance some variable number of times during the semester. If you are there 3/4 of the time or more then you will get a Woody Allen Award of a point on your final grade. (Woody Allen said, "Ninety percent of success is just showing up on time.")

Please, Please, Please ask questions. Don�t let the moment of confusion pass by. Don�t worry about the rest of the class, your job is to make sure that you understand.

Psychology 3203 Perception - Summer 2011
DATE	DAY	TOPIC
Measurement of Perceptual Experience
7/6	W	Course Requirements, etc.
		Classical Psychophysical Techniques Your Textbook: 10-14
7/7	Th	Difference thresholds & Weber's Law Example Weber Fractions
		Weber's Law vs. Fechner's Law Your Textbook: 13
7/11	M	Magnitude estimation & Stevens' Power Law Your Textbook: 18
		Signal Detection Theory Separating Strategy from Sensitivity Your Textbook: 14-17
7/12	Tu	Signal Detection Theory
7/13	W	It's all about 3 guys ... Question & Answer/Review [ Study Guide ]
		Test 1
		Test 1 Results
VISION I
7/14	Th	What is light? ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Everything you wanted to know about the Vertebrate Retina Your Textbook: 31-36
		Structure of Eye continued Visual Pathways
7/18	M	Duplex Retina Dark Adaptation Curve Purkinje Shift Your Textbook: 38-39
		Brightness Constancy & Brightness Contrast Mach Bands Hermann Grid Illusion Lateral Inhibition Effect
7/19	Tu	Color The Munsell System of Color Notation CIE XYZ Color System RGB Color System Your Textbook: 110-113
		Mechanisms of Color Helmholtz's Color Mixing Experiments Colored Afterimages Opponent Process Circuit CIE LAB color system Your Textbook: 113-118
7/19	W	Color Blindness and Color Deficiencies Your Textbook: 106-110
		Color Contrast and Color Constancy Return to Issue of Source of Illuminance Edwin Land - Mondrian Experiments Chromatic Illuminance vs. Reflectance Your Textbook: 122-128
		Finding Edges vs. Filling In
7/21	Th	Question & Answer/Review [ Study Guide ]
		TEST 2
		Test 2 Results
VISION II
7/25	M	Space, Distance, & Depth - Binocular Cues Your Textbook: 146-152
		Manipulation of Binocular Cues to Produce Depth Effects
7/26	Tu	Space, Distance, & Depth - Monocular Cues Ames Room Ames Room Diagram Your Textbook: 136-144
7/27	W	Perception of Movement Corollary Discharge Theory
		Motion Parallax Your Textbook: 215-223
		Stroboscopic Motion: Beta vs. Phi and MagnaPhi Stroboscopic Motion: Wagon wheel Illusion 1 Stroboscopic Motion: Wagon wheel Illusion 2
		Form The Gestalt Psychologists and Von Ehrenfels Your Textbook: 83-96
7/28	Th	Question & Answer/Review [ Study Guide ]
		TEST 3
		Test 3 Results
AUDITION: Parallels and Differences
8/1	M	Physics of Sound Your Textbook: 220-222
		Auditory Physiology Your Textbook: 241-244
8/2	Tu	Auditory Physiology & Pitch Helmholtz Rutherford Von Bekesy Your Textbook: 225-231, 244-247
		Psychophysics of Pitch and Loudness Audibility Function Amplitude-Frequency Shift (Equal Pitch Contours) Speech Frequencies Your Textbook: 240-244
8/3	W	Sound Localization Interaural Intensity Difference - Frequency & Intensity Interaural Time Difference Cone of Confusion The problem of Echoes: Outside vs. Inside Your Textbook: 249-254
		Auditory Scene Analysis Your Textbook: 265-272
		Music Pitch Perception Guitar Note (a closer look) Music note is a complex wave Piano Note - Fourier Plot Timbre The Missing Fundamental Effect - Challenge to Standard Explanation Your Textbook: 249-254
		Chords Melody Rhythm Shepard tone Your Textbook: 275-280
		Interactions Between Hearing & Seeing Visual Capture Your Textbook:
8/4	Th	Question & Answer/Review [ Study Guide ]
		TEST 4 TEST 5 - Optional
		Test 4 Results
		And you are done!